如何在 Linux 系统上对 AMD GPU 启用 Firefox 视频硬件解码

无影人 — Sat, 19 Aug 2023 13:08:37 GMT

记录一下自己开启 Firefox 视频硬件解码的过程。

对于 Intel GPU Firefox 115 以及之后版本，Firefox 会自动在符合条件时开启硬件加速。但对于 AMD GPU Firefox 并不会自动开启硬件加速。因此用户需要手动配置。

第零步：安装相应的驱动及软件包，并验证 VA-API 可用

因为本文主要的话题是 Firefox ，因此这部分内容就不赘述了。

具体可以参考 Arch Wiki Hardware video acceleration 页面。

使用 vainfo 命令，看到如下输出，确认 VA-API 可用就可以进行下一步了。

$ vainfo
Trying display: wayland
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.19 (libva 2.19.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Mesa Gallium driver 23.1.6 for AMD Radeon Graphics (renoir, LLVM 15.0.7, DRM 3.52, 6.4.11-zen1-1-zen)
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
    VAProfileMPEG2Simple            :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileMPEG2Main              :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileVC1Simple              :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileVC1Main                :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileVC1Advanced            :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline:       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline:       VAEntrypointEncSlice
    VAProfileH264Main               :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileH264Main               :       VAEntrypointEncSlice
    VAProfileH264High               :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileH264High               :       VAEntrypointEncSlice
    VAProfileHEVCMain               :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileHEVCMain               :       VAEntrypointEncSlice
    VAProfileHEVCMain10             :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileHEVCMain10             :       VAEntrypointEncSlice
    VAProfileJPEGBaseline           :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileVP9Profile0            :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileVP9Profile2            :       VAEntrypointVLD
    VAProfileNone                   :       VAEntrypointVideoProc

第一步：修改 about:config 配置

打开 about:config 进行如下配置，强制开启 WebRender。

gfx.webrender.all=true
gfx.webrender.compositor=true
gfx.webrender.compositor.force-enabled=true

media.ffmpeg.vaapi.enabled=true
media.hardware-video-decoding.force-enabled=true

第二步：重启 Firefox ，确认 Hardware video acceleration 是否生效

重启 Firefox，打开 about:support 页面。

确认 WEBRENDER、HARDWARE_VIDEO_DECODING 已经开启。

WEBRENDER

HARDWARE_VIDEO_DECODING

这里着重说明一点，你有可能在 env 一栏中看到 Blocklisted; failure code FEATURE_FAILURE_DISABLE_RELEASE_OR_BETA、 Blocklisted; failure code FEATURE_HARDWARE_VIDEO_DECODING_DISABLE 这样的内容。

但只要看到 user 一栏写着 force_enabled、 Force enabled by pref ，就说明已经开启成功了。系统默认的配置已经被用户设置所覆盖。

Arch Linux Wiki 存在一定的误导，并不是看到 FEATURE_HARDWARE_VIDEO_DECODING_DISABLE 就必须使用 firefox-vaapi ，费时费力修改源码重新编译。只需要到 about:config 修改上步提到的那几个配置项就OK了。

firefox-vaapi 只是让浏览器不再显示错误信息而已，完全没有必要。

再向下拉到 Media 一节，看到如下的表格便说明 Hardware video acceleration 已经成功开启生效。

不同浏览器下全局对象 window 差异

无影人 — Tue, 22 Jun 2021 13:56:57 GMT

今天为了研究 Tampermonkey 的 @run-at 分别取 document-start 、 document-body 、document-end 、document-idle 时网页原生脚本对 unsafeWindow 变量的影响。

尝试在控制台中运行了一下 Object.keys(window) ，结果发现默认的全局对象 window 在不同浏览器下有着较大的差异。

Firefox版本： 89.0.1
Chromium版本：91.0.4472.114

二者共有的键值：

['alert', 'atob', 'blur', 'btoa', 'cancelAnimationFrame', 'cancelIdleCallback', 'captureEvents', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout', 'close', 'closed', 'confirm', 'createImageBitmap', 'crossOriginIsolated', 'crypto', 'customElements', 'devicePixelRatio', 'document', 'external', 'fetch', 'find', 'focus', 'frameElement', 'frames', 'getComputedStyle', 'getSelection', 'history', 'indexedDB', 'innerHeight', 'innerWidth', 'isSecureContext', 'length', 'localStorage', 'location', 'locationbar', 'matchMedia', 'menubar', 'moveBy', 'moveTo', 'name', 'navigator', 'onabort', 'onafterprint', 'onanimationend', 'onanimationiteration', 'onanimationstart', 'onauxclick', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onblur', 'oncanplay', 'oncanplaythrough', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'onclose', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncuechange', 'ondblclick', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'ondurationchange', 'onemptied', 'onended', 'onerror', 'onfocus', 'onformdata', 'ongotpointercapture', 'onhashchange', 'oninput', 'oninvalid', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlanguagechange', 'onload', 'onloadeddata', 'onloadedmetadata', 'onloadstart', 'onlostpointercapture', 'onmessage', 'onmessageerror', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onoffline', 'ononline', 'onpagehide', 'onpageshow', 'onpause', 'onplay', 'onplaying', 'onpointercancel', 'onpointerdown', 'onpointerenter', 'onpointerleave', 'onpointermove', 'onpointerout', 'onpointerover', 'onpointerup', 'onpopstate', 'onprogress', 'onratechange', 'onrejectionhandled', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onscroll', 'onseeked', 'onseeking', 'onselect', 'onselectstart', 'onstalled', 'onstorage', 'onsubmit', 'onsuspend', 'ontimeupdate', 'ontoggle', 'ontransitioncancel', 'ontransitionend', 'ontransitionrun', 'ontransitionstart', 'onunhandledrejection', 'onunload', 'onvolumechange', 'onwaiting', 'onwebkitanimationend', 'onwebkitanimationiteration', 'onwebkitanimationstart', 'onwebkittransitionend', 'onwheel', 'open', 'opener', 'origin', 'outerHeight', 'outerWidth', 'pageXOffset', 'pageYOffset', 'parent', 'performance', 'personalbar', 'postMessage', 'print', 'prompt', 'queueMicrotask', 'releaseEvents', 'requestAnimationFrame', 'requestIdleCallback', 'resizeBy', 'resizeTo', 'screen', 'screenLeft', 'screenTop', 'screenX', 'screenY', 'scroll', 'scrollBy', 'scrollTo', 'scrollX', 'scrollY', 'scrollbars', 'self', 'sessionStorage', 'setInterval', 'setTimeout', 'speechSynthesis', 'status', 'statusbar', 'stop', 'toolbar', 'top', 'window'];

仅存在于Firefox的键值：

['InstallTrigger',
'caches',
'dump',
'event',
'fullScreen',
'getDefaultComputedStyle',
'mozInnerScreenX',
'mozInnerScreenY',
'onabsolutedeviceorientation',
'onanimationcancel',
'onbeforeinput',
'ondevicemotion',
'ondeviceorientation',
'ondragexit',
'ongamepadconnected',
'ongamepaddisconnected',
'onloadend',
'onmozfullscreenchange',
'onmozfullscreenerror',
'scrollByLines',
'scrollByPages',
'scrollMaxX',
'scrollMaxY',
'setResizable',
'sidebar',
'sizeToContent',
'updateCommands']

仅存在于Chromium的键值：

['chrome',
'clientInformation',
'defaultStatus',
'defaultstatus',
'onappinstalled',
'onbeforeinstallprompt',
'onbeforexrselect',
'oncancel',
'onmousewheel',
'onpointerrawupdate',
'onsearch',
'onselectionchange',
'openDatabase',
'originAgentCluster',
'styleMedia',
'trustedTypes',
'visualViewport',
'webkitCancelAnimationFrame',
'webkitRequestAnimationFrame',
'webkitRequestFileSystem',
'webkitResolveLocalFileSystemURL',
'webkitStorageInfo']

一个比较脚本：

(() => {
    const tempFirefox = ['InstallTrigger', 'alert', 'atob', 'blur', 'btoa', 'caches', 'cancelAnimationFrame', 'cancelIdleCallback', 'captureEvents', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout', 'close', 'closed', 'confirm', 'createImageBitmap', 'crossOriginIsolated', 'crypto', 'customElements', 'devicePixelRatio', 'document', 'dump', 'event', 'external', 'fetch', 'find', 'focus', 'frameElement', 'frames', 'fullScreen', 'getComputedStyle', 'getDefaultComputedStyle', 'getSelection', 'history', 'indexedDB', 'innerHeight', 'innerWidth', 'isSecureContext', 'length', 'localStorage', 'location', 'locationbar', 'matchMedia', 'menubar', 'moveBy', 'moveTo', 'mozInnerScreenX', 'mozInnerScreenY', 'name', 'navigator', 'onabort', 'onabsolutedeviceorientation', 'onafterprint', 'onanimationcancel', 'onanimationend', 'onanimationiteration', 'onanimationstart', 'onauxclick', 'onbeforeinput', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onblur', 'oncanplay', 'oncanplaythrough', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'onclose', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncuechange', 'ondblclick', 'ondevicemotion', 'ondeviceorientation', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragexit', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'ondurationchange', 'onemptied', 'onended', 'onerror', 'onfocus', 'onformdata', 'ongamepadconnected', 'ongamepaddisconnected', 'ongotpointercapture', 'onhashchange', 'oninput', 'oninvalid', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlanguagechange', 'onload', 'onloadeddata', 'onloadedmetadata', 'onloadend', 'onloadstart', 'onlostpointercapture', 'onmessage', 'onmessageerror', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onmozfullscreenchange', 'onmozfullscreenerror', 'onoffline', 'ononline', 'onpagehide', 'onpageshow', 'onpause', 'onplay', 'onplaying', 'onpointercancel', 'onpointerdown', 'onpointerenter', 'onpointerleave', 'onpointermove', 'onpointerout', 'onpointerover', 'onpointerup', 'onpopstate', 'onprogress', 'onratechange', 'onrejectionhandled', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onscroll', 'onseeked', 'onseeking', 'onselect', 'onselectstart', 'onstalled', 'onstorage', 'onsubmit', 'onsuspend', 'ontimeupdate', 'ontoggle', 'ontransitioncancel', 'ontransitionend', 'ontransitionrun', 'ontransitionstart', 'onunhandledrejection', 'onunload', 'onvolumechange', 'onwaiting', 'onwebkitanimationend', 'onwebkitanimationiteration', 'onwebkitanimationstart', 'onwebkittransitionend', 'onwheel', 'open', 'opener', 'origin', 'outerHeight', 'outerWidth', 'pageXOffset', 'pageYOffset', 'parent', 'performance', 'personalbar', 'postMessage', 'print', 'prompt', 'queueMicrotask', 'releaseEvents', 'requestAnimationFrame', 'requestIdleCallback', 'resizeBy', 'resizeTo', 'screen', 'screenLeft', 'screenTop', 'screenX', 'screenY', 'scroll', 'scrollBy', 'scrollByLines', 'scrollByPages', 'scrollMaxX', 'scrollMaxY', 'scrollTo', 'scrollX', 'scrollY', 'scrollbars', 'self', 'sessionStorage', 'setInterval', 'setResizable', 'setTimeout', 'sidebar', 'sizeToContent', 'speechSynthesis', 'status', 'statusbar', 'stop', 'toolbar', 'top', 'updateCommands', 'window'];
    const tempChromium = ['alert', 'atob', 'blur', 'btoa', 'cancelAnimationFrame', 'cancelIdleCallback', 'captureEvents', 'chrome', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout', 'clientInformation', 'close', 'closed', 'confirm', 'createImageBitmap', 'crossOriginIsolated', 'crypto', 'customElements', 'defaultStatus', 'defaultstatus', 'devicePixelRatio', 'document', 'external', 'fetch', 'find', 'focus', 'frameElement', 'frames', 'getComputedStyle', 'getSelection', 'history', 'indexedDB', 'innerHeight', 'innerWidth', 'isSecureContext', 'length', 'localStorage', 'location', 'locationbar', 'matchMedia', 'menubar', 'moveBy', 'moveTo', 'name', 'navigator', 'onabort', 'onafterprint', 'onanimationend', 'onanimationiteration', 'onanimationstart', 'onappinstalled', 'onauxclick', 'onbeforeinstallprompt', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onbeforexrselect', 'onblur', 'oncancel', 'oncanplay', 'oncanplaythrough', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'onclose', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncuechange', 'ondblclick', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'ondurationchange', 'onemptied', 'onended', 'onerror', 'onfocus', 'onformdata', 'ongotpointercapture', 'onhashchange', 'oninput', 'oninvalid', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlanguagechange', 'onload', 'onloadeddata', 'onloadedmetadata', 'onloadstart', 'onlostpointercapture', 'onmessage', 'onmessageerror', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onmousewheel', 'onoffline', 'ononline', 'onpagehide', 'onpageshow', 'onpause', 'onplay', 'onplaying', 'onpointercancel', 'onpointerdown', 'onpointerenter', 'onpointerleave', 'onpointermove', 'onpointerout', 'onpointerover', 'onpointerrawupdate', 'onpointerup', 'onpopstate', 'onprogress', 'onratechange', 'onrejectionhandled', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onscroll', 'onsearch', 'onseeked', 'onseeking', 'onselect', 'onselectionchange', 'onselectstart', 'onstalled', 'onstorage', 'onsubmit', 'onsuspend', 'ontimeupdate', 'ontoggle', 'ontransitioncancel', 'ontransitionend', 'ontransitionrun', 'ontransitionstart', 'onunhandledrejection', 'onunload', 'onvolumechange', 'onwaiting', 'onwebkitanimationend', 'onwebkitanimationiteration', 'onwebkitanimationstart', 'onwebkittransitionend', 'onwheel', 'open', 'openDatabase', 'opener', 'origin', 'originAgentCluster', 'outerHeight', 'outerWidth', 'pageXOffset', 'pageYOffset', 'parent', 'performance', 'personalbar', 'postMessage', 'print', 'prompt', 'queueMicrotask', 'releaseEvents', 'requestAnimationFrame', 'requestIdleCallback', 'resizeBy', 'resizeTo', 'screen', 'screenLeft', 'screenTop', 'screenX', 'screenY', 'scroll', 'scrollBy', 'scrollTo', 'scrollX', 'scrollY', 'scrollbars', 'self', 'sessionStorage', 'setInterval', 'setTimeout', 'speechSynthesis', 'status', 'statusbar', 'stop', 'styleMedia', 'toolbar', 'top', 'trustedTypes', 'visualViewport', 'webkitCancelAnimationFrame', 'webkitRequestAnimationFrame', 'webkitRequestFileSystem', 'webkitResolveLocalFileSystemURL', 'webkitStorageInfo', 'window'];
    const tempCommon = ['alert', 'atob', 'blur', 'btoa', 'cancelAnimationFrame', 'cancelIdleCallback', 'captureEvents', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout', 'close', 'closed', 'confirm', 'createImageBitmap', 'crossOriginIsolated', 'crypto', 'customElements', 'devicePixelRatio', 'document', 'external', 'fetch', 'find', 'focus', 'frameElement', 'frames', 'getComputedStyle', 'getSelection', 'history', 'indexedDB', 'innerHeight', 'innerWidth', 'isSecureContext', 'length', 'localStorage', 'location', 'locationbar', 'matchMedia', 'menubar', 'moveBy', 'moveTo', 'name', 'navigator', 'onabort', 'onafterprint', 'onanimationend', 'onanimationiteration', 'onanimationstart', 'onauxclick', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onblur', 'oncanplay', 'oncanplaythrough', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'onclose', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncuechange', 'ondblclick', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'ondurationchange', 'onemptied', 'onended', 'onerror', 'onfocus', 'onformdata', 'ongotpointercapture', 'onhashchange', 'oninput', 'oninvalid', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlanguagechange', 'onload', 'onloadeddata', 'onloadedmetadata', 'onloadstart', 'onlostpointercapture', 'onmessage', 'onmessageerror', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onoffline', 'ononline', 'onpagehide', 'onpageshow', 'onpause', 'onplay', 'onplaying', 'onpointercancel', 'onpointerdown', 'onpointerenter', 'onpointerleave', 'onpointermove', 'onpointerout', 'onpointerover', 'onpointerup', 'onpopstate', 'onprogress', 'onratechange', 'onrejectionhandled', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onscroll', 'onseeked', 'onseeking', 'onselect', 'onselectstart', 'onstalled', 'onstorage', 'onsubmit', 'onsuspend', 'ontimeupdate', 'ontoggle', 'ontransitioncancel', 'ontransitionend', 'ontransitionrun', 'ontransitionstart', 'onunhandledrejection', 'onunload', 'onvolumechange', 'onwaiting', 'onwebkitanimationend', 'onwebkitanimationiteration', 'onwebkitanimationstart', 'onwebkittransitionend', 'onwheel', 'open', 'opener', 'origin', 'outerHeight', 'outerWidth', 'pageXOffset', 'pageYOffset', 'parent', 'performance', 'personalbar', 'postMessage', 'print', 'prompt', 'queueMicrotask', 'releaseEvents', 'requestAnimationFrame', 'requestIdleCallback', 'resizeBy', 'resizeTo', 'screen', 'screenLeft', 'screenTop', 'screenX', 'screenY', 'scroll', 'scrollBy', 'scrollTo', 'scrollX', 'scrollY', 'scrollbars', 'self', 'sessionStorage', 'setInterval', 'setTimeout', 'speechSynthesis', 'status', 'statusbar', 'stop', 'toolbar', 'top', 'window'];

    const windowKeys = Object.keys(window);

    let temp = tempCommon;
    let differ = [];
    for (const k of windowKeys) {
        if (!temp.includes(k)) {
        differ.push(k);
        }
    }

    console.log(windowKeys.length);
    console.log(differ.sort());
})()

影子屋 (文章分类：Firefox)

如何在 Linux 系统上对 AMD GPU 启用 Firefox 视频硬件解码

第零步：安装相应的驱动及软件包，并验证 VA-API 可用

第一步：修改 about:config 配置

第二步：重启 Firefox ，确认 Hardware video acceleration 是否生效

不同浏览器下全局对象 window 差异